DECADE 2030 – Decarbonisation of Port-City Ecosystems for Efficient Environmental and Energy Management on the Way Towards South Baltic Fit for 55
“Fit for 55” package was published by the European Commission (EC) in July 2021, with the aim to reduce the Greenhouse Gas Emission (GHG) by at least 55% by 2030 and thus pave the way for climate neutrality by 2050. For the first time the portfolio of legislative proposals was extended to the maritime sector, meaning higher pressure on all economic actors involved in seaborne activities. First, the EU Emissions’ Trading System was extended to the maritime transport. Second, new obligations apply to use of Onshore Power Supply (OPS) or zero-emission technologies as well as new limits on the GHG intensive of energy used on ships. New tax rates will be applicable for certain fuels / vessels. On the top of that, the initial GHG Strategy by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) will be revised in 2023, with short-term carbon control measures, i.e. improving carbon intensity of ships by 2% annually between 2023 and 2026. From the 1st of January 2023, the IMO Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) will be applicable for all cargo, RoPax and cruise vessels above 5.000 GT (Gross-Tonnage) and trading internationally. By contrast to the Energy Efficiency Existing Ships Index (EEXI) as introduced in June 2021 targeting one-time certification of ship design parameters, the CII will address the actual emissions in operation. These new regulations appending the MARPOL Annex VI will enter into force on the 1st of November 2022. Therefore, timeframes are short, affected actors as shipowners, shipping companies and regulators are not fully aware of the implications and procedures they need to complete. New pressure arising from environmental regulations will bring disruption in the existing transport and logistics operations, followed by the need to adopt existing business models too. Smaller ports across the Baltic Sea will face harsher competition as a result of lower investments into sustainability strategies, less technological readiness in environmental and energy management.
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